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Evaluation Reforms

                        Written Mode              Oral Mode               Practical Mode Integrated Mode
                    6.  Essay/Article Writing     Summarise question)                     4. Field
                    7.  Quizzes/ Objective    6.  One Question Quiz                           Assignments
                        Tests                 7.  End of the class quiz                   5. Poster
                    8.  Class Assignment      8.  Think-Pair-Share                            Presentations
                    9.  Home Assignment       9.  Socratic Seminar                        6. Portfolios
                    10. Annotated             10. Rapid Fire Questions
                        Bibliographies        11. KWL (Know – Want
                    11. Reports                   To Know – Learned)
                    12. Portfolios
                    13. Dissertations
                    14. Book Review
                    15. Article Review
                    16. Journal Writing
                    17. Case Studies

                   Written Mode

                     Assessment                                 Examinations
                        Type
                       Nature     Traditionally essay type, time- constrained, external exams
                     Advantage    Relatively economical; No chance of plagiarism; Familiarity to students and staff; Fixed
                                  date forces students to learn; Chance for in depth & planned preparation; Provides
                                  overview of attainment in the entire course.
                     Limitations  Tests  memory  most  of  the  times  more  than  higher  level  thinking;  No feedback to
                                  students as the course is over by exam time; Can encourage surface  learning;  Sampling
                                  of  content  not  comprehensive;  Element  of chance; ‘Halo effect’: the level of the long
                                  answer just marked can change expectations of the next answer; External examiners
                                  may not do their job sincerely as there is no accountability to students.
                      Suggested   Term-end, (preferably semester- end not annual)
                      Frequency
                      Suggested   Include all types of questions-essay, short answer, objective; Design to test all levels of
                       Usage      cognitive domain; Exam Blue Print be prepared to ensure inclusion of all types & levels
                                  of questions and proper sampling of content; Rubrics  (with  detailed  indicators  of
                                  level-wise  performance) &  Model Answers for marking essay type ques. for minimizing
                                  subjectivity; Marking Criteria  made  known  to  students;  Answer  copies  should be  code
                                  numbered; Examiners with good track record from well-rated universities be selected;
                                  Provision for improvement of scores & make up in cases of established emergency.


                     Assessment                                    Class Tests
                        Type
                        Nature      Traditionally essay type, time- constrained, internal exams
                      Advantage     Relatively economical; Less chance of plagiarism; Familiarity to students and staff;
                                    Fixed date forces students to learn; Chance for in depth & planned preparation
                      Limitations   Tests  memory  more  than  higher  level  thinking;  Delayed  feedback  to students
                                    as  correction  needs  time;  Can  encourage  surface learning; Sampling of content
                                    not comprehensive; Element of chance; ‘Halo effect’
                       Suggested    2-3 times in a semester including make-up test
                      Frequency



                   24                                          Evaluation Reforms in Higher Educational Institutions
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