Page 104 - Academic and Research Book_WEB

9. Publishing the same data or results in two or more publications.

10. Inappropriately assigning authorship credit.
11. Withholding details of methodologies or results in papers or proposals.
12 .Using inadequate or inappropriate research design.
13. Dropping observations or data points from analysis based on gut feeling that they were
inaccurate.
14. Inadequate record keeping of the research work.

15. Understatement of other researchers.
16. Negligence in referring to earlier findings.
17. Publishing old results as new findings.
18. Careless and misleading reporting.

19. Failure to inform the editor of related/same papers that the author has under considerations or
in press.
20. Not revealing conflicts of interest that could affect the interpretation of the findings.
21. Use of selective or fraudulent data to support a hypothesis or claim.

Other Aspects of Academic Dishonesty

Apart from plagiarism and fabrication, academic dishonesty has many more connotations:

1. Cheating: Use or attempted use of unauthorized materials, information or study aids, or
an act of deceit by which a person attempts to misrepresent mastery of academic effort or
information. This includes but is not limited to unauthorized copying, or collaboration on a test
or assignment, using prohibited materials and texts, any misuse of an electronic device, or using
any deceptive means to gain academic credit.

2. Assisting: Helping another person commit an act of academic dishonesty. This includes but is
not limited to paying or bribing someone to acquire a test or assignment, changing someone’s
grades or academic records or taking a test/doing an assignment for someone else by any means,
including misuse of an electronic device. It is an act of creating and offering to sell part or all of
an educational assignment to another person.
3. Tampering: Altering or interfering with evaluation instruments or documents.
4. Substitution/Impersonation: Substituting/impersonating for another student or permitting
another person to substitute for oneself during an exam, course, or on other academic work.
5. Deception: Providing false information to an instructor concerning a formal academic exercise,
for example, giving a false excuse for missing a deadline or falsely claiming to have submitted a
work.
6. Sabotage: Acting to prevent others from completing their work. This includes cutting pages out
of library books or willfully disrupting the experiments of others.
7. Duplicity: To offer identical or substantially unchanged work in two or more courses for credit,
without specific advance approval of the professors involved.
8. Unauthorized collaboration: Using materials or collaborating with another person(s) during a
test or other assignment without authorization.

9. Collusion: Supporting malpractice by another candidate, as in allowing one’s work to be copied
or submitted for assessment by another.

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