Page 12 - Guidelines for Training/ Orientation of Faculty on IKS

Varnamala of Indian languages based on classification of sounds on the basis of their origin
and effort involved. The special feature of the scripts of most Indian languages, that each
symbol is associated with a unique sound.

Word formation in Sanskrit and Indian languages. Basic purpose of the Science of Vyakarana
as established by Panini.

Important texts of Indian Language Sciences —Siksha or phonetics, Nirukta or etymology,
Vyakarana or Grammar, Chandas or Prosody.

How the Indian Language Sciences continued to flourish in the 18//19 the centuries. Navya-
nyaya and Navya-vyakarana in Navadvipa, Varanasi and West and South India.

iii. Indian Mathematics:

Numbers, fractions and geometry in the Vedas. Decimal nomenclature of numbers in the
Vedas. Zero and Infinity. Simple constructions from Sulba-sutras.

The development of the decimal place value system which resulted in a simplification of all
arithmetical operations. Linguistic representation of numbers.

Important texts of Indian mathematics. Brief introduction to the development of algebra,
trigonometry and calculus.

How Indian mathematics continued to flourish in the 18/19/20th centuries. Kerala School.
Ramanujan.

6. Indian Astronomy:

Ancient records of the observation of the motion of celestial bodies in the Vedic corpus. Sun, Moon,
Nakshatra & Graha.

Astronomy as the science of determination of time, place and direction by observing the motion of
the celestial bodies. The motion of the Sun and Moon. Motion of equinoxes and solstices. Elements
of Indian calendar systems as followed in different regions of India.

Important texts of Indian Astronomy. Basic ideas of the planetary model of Aryabhata and its revision
by Nilakantha.

Large corpus of inscriptions recording observation of eclipses. Astronomical instruments.

How Indian astronomy continued to flourish in the 18/19th centuries. Astronomical endeavours of
Jaisingh, Sankaravarman, Chandrasekhara Samanta.

7. Indian Health Sciences:
Vedic foundations of Ayurveda. Ayurveda is concerned both with maintenance of good health and
treatment of diseases.

Basic concepts of Ayurveda. The three Gunas and Three Doshas, Pancha-mahabhuta and Sapta-dhatu.
The importance of Agni (digestion). Six Rasas and their relation to Doshas. Ayurvedic view of the

cause of diseases.

11
University Grants Commission